Doors and Windows installation

On the solution of plastic doors and Windows installation and construction of common problems

The installation and construction of plastic doors and Windows is the final link of the quality work of the factory. The component rigidity of plastic doors and Windows is low, and it is easy to be deformed when exposed to external forces. The surface of profiles may be polluted or damaged, and the deviation of dimensions and shapes is strict. So, plastic doors and Windows installation should seriously in accordance with the JG103-96 "plastic doors and Windows installation and acceptance procedures (hereinafter referred to as the" regulations ") required to perform, so well-made Windows were loaded on the building, to increase urban and rural areas is more bright beautiful colour.

Here, we are going to talk about some common problems in installation and construction, and try to find a good solution.

1. Poor filling and sealing between window frame and wall, water seepage occurs in the initial use.

More outstanding, it is reflected on the closed window of the balcony, it is the exterior window of the house next. As people's living level rises ceaselessly, the requirement to living environment, already was not only eat, sleep "nest", the function of the balcony also had a lot of change stealthily. The balcony has become a place for leisure and outdoor viewing. Some are connected to the power supply, water supply and drainage and gas pipeline, as a household, cooking and drinking place, some also carried out lighting, floor, wall decoration, and other bedrooms are equally fashionable. If it is always wet after checking in, how much distress will it cause users!

According to rule 4.2.10, the space between plastic doors and Windows and the opening wall should be filled with elastic materials such as foamed plastics and foamed polystyrene. When the window frame is linearly deformed, the sealing is still ensured here. The installation cost will be increased with foaming agent. Therefore, some people use cement mortar, hemp knife ash, containing leachate material to fill the hole expansion joint. After hardening of materials such as mortar, cracks will appear near the profile, and the waterproof performance is not good. When the window frame is heated and expands, it "hardens" with the filling material, resulting in the window frame deformation.

Filled with rock wool and glass wool felt, it will absorb water and infiltrate water in case of rain and snow.

The protective film of the profile is injected with the sealing sealant before it is torn clean. Or the use of unqualified sealant, a water gel on the softening, expansion and seam removal; The quality of the glue injection is not good, not strict, not even, the surface of the glue is not smooth, not smooth, there are bubbles, gaps, even the rubber out of the section material, these defects also affect the expansion joint tightness.

The installation and construction unit had better fix glue - puncher, in order to stabilize construction quality. A beautiful glue line, not only effectively blocked rainwater infiltration, but also make plastic doors and Windows pleasant.

Some of the unexpected factors, such as just putting the sealant in place, suddenly the wind and the wind suddenly change, there is a rainstorm, the gel is not dry enough to soak up the mess, people can only recognize the bad luck. The practice of dusting the outdoor windowsills should be high inside and low outside. If encounter inferior project, do badly, the window sill can deposit water bubble soup, must ask construction unit rework to do again.

2. Welding Angle cracking:

When the weather is cold, the cracks in the weld zone are increasing. If can decide to belong to the quality problem of section material, door window factory is to have no way to solve, return money at most or no longer buy and use the material of this manufacturer. Such cracks are usually found on the parent material on both sides of the weld and can be found in the manufacturing process. Angle strength test, most of the cracking in the parent material.

The welding process parameter is not correct, there will also be cracking problem, the cracking place is mainly on the weld. For example, the heating temperature is too high and the time is too long. On the contrary, it is not plasticized enough. Parameters such as extrusion pressure, clamp pressure and extrusion time will influence the strength of welding Angle. There are filth, slag inclusion and weld strength decrease in the weld. The weld is cleaned too deep, leaving scars that will concentrate the stress. Still can list a few reasons, need to try to control in production process, these problems are the inducement that makes door window appear craze in installation. Therefore, good quality of Windows and doors is a reliable guarantee of smooth installation.

When assembling, the size of the glass pressure bar is too large, so it is possible to "prop" the welding seam at the corner. Once there was a small plastic window factory, regardless of the double glass pressure bar and single glass pressure bar, and regardless of the size length, all of them increased the size of the inner side of the frame and fan by 2mm as the blanking size of the bar. Moreover, after measuring one or two window sizes, the material is discharged in batches and the glass is assembled at the installation site. As a result, the weld seam often cracks.

Still have a kind of phenomenon, a lot of glass bead when installation unloaded, not mixed with the marking, install glass picked it up and use, and make them cooperate well in factory layering all messed up, there is no guarantee that layering butt joint clearance, if layering top again when close to a banging, the weld is easy to damage. It is forbidden to knock hard within 150mm of each side of the weld.

After the door window frame enters the hole, strictly forbid to trample, climb, the steel pipe of scaffold does not press the top window frame, any weight is not allowed to press on the door window component, prevent to damage the weld seam.

Using steel box installation, the clearance between the plastic frame and it is small, the error of the steel box often affect the successful in place of the plastic box, found itself cannot enter, can not be forced, break, forces it into the plastic box, lest cause of shape, craze. In this installation method, it is important to check the geometric dimensions, horizontal and vertical dimensions of the steel frame, as well as the size difference of diagonal lines. With a bit of work on this, you can get twice the result with half the effort.

3. Large deformation of Windows and doors:

The deformation mentioned here not only includes the defects of installation and construction, but also the problems exposed in the initial use. To be specific, it refers to the flatness of door and window components, the perpendicularity of front and side, the warping of frame and fan plane, the difference of diagonal dimension, the distortion of slide way of push and pull frame, etc. These poor precision not only affects the appearance, but also makes the switch not flexible and the sealing performance is reduced. Deformation is a common problem, which requires great attention.

Plastic doors and Windows after they leave, in transportation, every process of lifting, handling, storage, to take effective measures to prevent deformation, rough handling is strictly forbidden, and hit a knock against and note pad flat, away from heat, avoid pollution.

In the window frame into the mouth of the cave, calibration levelness, verticality, except in the box Angle, the position such as Ting end plug good wedge, also want to more than 900 mm in length of central component and padded with wedge, keep the window frame, the reasonable location and shape of the right. The wooden wedge is too tight, which makes the frame member convex and deformed, and the larger door frame is more likely to produce this phenomenon. Several temporary wooden supports can be added to the corresponding position.

Due to measurement, design or other errors, the gap between the window frame and the hole may be small, or even completely empty, do not force into the window frame to avoid deformation or even damage.

Pushing and pulling the window fan into the frame will cause the lower border of the window frame to sink. Window fan size is large, when installing double glass, sink more apparent, when installing, can pad in rubber cork block below window frame.

Fill the space between the wall and the window frame with foam plastic, not too tight, so that the door window frame is convex.

Installing Windows and doors using fixed pieces can effectively limit the displacement of the window frame in the direction of the X-axis, but have no choice about the deformation of the Y-axis (see figure 1). At this point, it is not as strong as the expansion bolt.

JG/T132-2000 standard for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) doors and Windows fixed piece set in the delta should not be less than the thickness of 1.5 mm, width should be no less than 20 mm, B installation diameter d is 5 mm, with profiles of card claws a tolerance of + 0.25 mm size. The mechanical properties of the fixed sheet shall not be lower than that of general carbon steel Q235. The surface should be galvanized.

In addition, the materials used to make the fixed sheet shall be cold-rolled sheet, and each side extension shall have two fixed holes with a distance of not less than 40 mm.

At present, some fixed pieces in the market are of poor quality, thin and narrow, with one mounting hole at each end and a soft material. It is not possible to effectively limit window frame deformation if it is used for installation.

The design of window type also produces an influence to deform, deserve careful consideration. In figure 2 (a) window, the upper fixed window design has a middle tappet. After the fixed window produces sagging, the deformation will affect the upper border of the push-pull window through tappet. (b) the window removes the tappet in the fixed window. The weight of the glass reaches the end of the push and pull window frame from the glass pad at the left and right ends, and the force condition is reasonable, so as not to generate the deformation mentioned above.

Deformation makes the window fan switch laborious, with the window frame rub, the sealing performance drops. The deformation of the push and pull window frame may reduce the amount of lap of the window fan, which has occurred because of this problem caused the window fan to fall, resulting in the tragic lesson of personal accident. Must after the window frame is fixed, and check the good shape and position precision, good control diagonal dimension, the difference between the sash on at least two verification after lap quantity conformed to the design and use requirements.

Fan by using the whole glass sliding door, there may be outside the central border convex deformation, and the installation and there is no direct link, figure 3 whole glass doors, in the use of figure (a) profile, due to material section size is small, low inertia, insufficient rigidity, in repeated push and pull, especially in the door leaf size, the use of hollow glass, because pulley damage or slide rail deformation resistance increased cases, such as door leaf margin focus will bend, the solution can be: (1) to (b) the figure of material, but the cost will increase; (2) add plate in the door; (3) use high-quality pulley; (4) correct the horizontal and twisted degree of the lower frame slide rail during installation, and fix it reliably.

4. The resistance of the door and window switch is too large, which has impact on the touch of the switch:

The front talked about the door and window switch is not flexible, the resistance is too big, here take flat door as an example, do further analysis.

Door frame size is more than 2m, door fan is already wide and tall component, need 3 or more hinge to install on door frame. After installation, door leaf drop of torque, the upper end of the frame, the side of the spin axis tensile strength of the left wall, door frames if bending deformation, therefore, can make the door leaf drop more hasten is serious, touching the door frame, influence the switch.

When installing, the surrounding area of the door frame is too tight, and the door frame is convex. Horizontal flat vertical misadjustment, diagonal dimension differ more or frame plane distortion, several hinge axis is not in the same axis, the error after make a barely mount, and frame "difficult", should push when closed, or doesn't meet properly; Still have door fan open hind loosen a hand, can "close automatically".

Another thing that some people ignore is the problem of lifting the doors and Windows. According to the standard requirements of the construction department, the lifting height of flat door fan is 2-3mm, and that of open window fan is 1-2mm. If the correction fails to meet the requirement, the drop will increase in future use. The 3d hinge can adjust the door fan within a certain range, which is convenient to solve this problem. Factory assembly should leave room for adjustment on the hinge, must use special tooling drilling, positioning, as far as possible to reduce the hinge assembly error.

Door window fan dimensions have big and small, load has light have heavy, want to choose appropriate hardware, satisfy use requirement. JG/T125-2000 "window of door of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) surface (hinge) and JG/T127-2000" polyvinyl chloride (PVC) Windows and doors sliding supports "two standards, the carrying capacity of the hardware and the maximum size and weight of the casement have specific provision, can be used in design as a reference. Some hardware do not have industry standards, such as corner hinges. But hardware manufacturers' technical samples are often marked with tolerable load. Some regulations of foreign enterprise: hang 100 kilograms weight in the handle of open window fan, do not appear apparent drop within 5 minutes. This is a very strict product standard, use can relax.

The manufacturer of profiles should make it clear in the user's manual that the dimensions left for the hardware after assembly can be seen in figure 4. The lap of the design is too large, cannot assure this one dimension, when switch hardware and section material may touch together, if be in use window fan falls, the situation will be more serious.

In addition to factory assembly and installation construction, it needs to be reiterated that effective measures must be taken in transportation, hoisting, storage and other links to prevent deformation and avoid any defect affecting the switch performance.

V. defects in glass installation:

1. Materials:

Poor quality glass, there are watermarks, bubbles, white spots, can not erase the "rainbow"; Low transmittance, corrugated surface; Poor mechanical performance, brittle texture, serious thickness difference, known as 5mm glass, only 4.2mm -- 4.3mm; And there is no real effective quality proof material. Such glass should not be used.

2. No glass pad:

With the support and positioning of the glass pad, the amount of glass lap around the doors and Windows is uniform. When encountering wind load, the rigidity of the glass plays a supporting role on the section arm. Through the pad, the weight of the glass is continuously and reasonably transferred to the frame and fan components, and the doors and Windows can always maintain a reasonable shape. , for example, we put the bearing block under the push-pull window sash around at both ends, and in the upper pulley, glass and so the pressure of the following components after about two perpendicular to the window frame on the slide rail, and not bending moment fan under the box. When subjected to impact load, the glass pad is positioned stably and will not break with the profile. Block will raise the fan inside the glass, named into rainwater discharge flow, it is good for hollow glass is particularly, otherwise, the sealant is soaked by water for a long time, will cause the seal failure, we can also by changing the thickness of the block, repair the casement Windows drop deformation.

The small glass pad can have so many functions, it deserves full attention. But still have short-shipped installation engineering, wrong things always happen, trouble is inevitable, like sink drainage is not smooth, glass to metal hard objects such as screw after fracture, and so on.

The material of the glass pad shall be nylon or shaw rubber with a hardness of 70-90. Regenerated vulcanizates and other water-absorbing materials such as wood blocks should not be used. The wood swells when it absorbs water and may crush the glass.

Place the glass pad in the correct position. Figure 5 shows the position of the flat window fan glass pad. The way the glass falls is by rotating clockwise. We put two glass pads in the upper right corner and the lower left corner respectively to position the glass well. Even if the glass moves down, because there is no pad in the lower right corner, the glass will not press on the window fan profile. Otherwise, in the lower right corner added pad block, glass slightly "action", the window fan profile will be compressed deformation.